Oct 24, 2009

Obamacare (Guest Post )

FREY vs FREY

Before I respond to FreyGuy’s defense of the ever-changing Health Care Legislation, especially his predilection for a so-called “public option”, I’ll first throw a giant monkey wrench into all the prior arguments. However, before I do that, I would note, by analogy, to which a future physicist can relate, that the legislative initiatives seem to come and go so fast, that were they mapped mathematically, the curve would more resemble a continuous function, rather than a discrete set of points.

Get ready, here’s the monkey wrench!

Congress has no authority under the Constitution to regulate health care.

(http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203917304574412793406386548.html)

Congress is relying – mistakenly – on a liberal interpretation of the Constitution’s Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3:

http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.articlei.html#section1)

which states:

[Congress shall have the power] “to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes.”

This clause is among seventeen powers specifically ascribed to the federal government under Section 8. If a power is not so contained among the seventeen it is expressly reserved to the states (AMENDMENT X):

http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.billofrights.html#amendmentx

Thus the Framers, even in their most soaring flights of fancy, never envisioned that 1/6th of the Nation’s economy would be subject to federal regulation. So, even if a poll showed that 100% of the people favored federal government run health care, the Constitution does not allow it. Poll results, however, change significantly when the question posed expressly adds a proviso that asks their opinion if added taxes or other confiscatory measures are placed upon the respondent.

However, for the sake of pure argument, let us wave an arbitrary hand and grant that, in a prolonged fit of legislative insanity, such powers did indeed reside within the self-proclaimed “world’s greatest deliberative body.” (As an aside, if this is the world’s greatest deliberative body, with average IQ less than 100, and nary a one above 125, then I shudder to imagine the acumen of a lesser deliberative body).

Now let us examine whether universal health care is an idea with merit.

First, let us set forth a few maxims which should govern the discussion:

• All insurance, whether auto, life, home, health, etc., and regardless of who delivers it, represents, by definition, a risk sharing pool. I.e., each participant puts his or her small amount of cash in a pool to provide protection against calamitous events which will be paid from the moneys supplied by other members of the pool (as well as earnings retained from prior activities of the insurance provider).

• Save for the auto segment, insurance is elective. In the case of auto insurance, it is mandatory not to protect you from others, but to protect others from you. In addition, the mandate comes not from the federal government, but from each of the 50 states. Health care insurance is to protect you. And to silence another oft –used, but ill-informed parallel, that home insurance is mandatory, it is not. It is only mandatory if you have a mortgage, which is required by the lender to protect his collateral. If you own your house outright, you can elect to insure it or not.

• Health care, under the Constitution, is not a right. It may be a compassionate thing to do, but it is not a natural right. Natural rights are a philosophical construct put forth by Thomas Jefferson who decreed that such rights are “endowed by the Creator” as opposed to the Adamsonian school, which argued that they were conferred “by the consent of the governed.” While both phrases are contained in the Declaration of Independence, a simple reading of the document, as well as scholarly review, admit that Jefferson’s take precedence. (http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/document/index.htm)

Your natural rights are spelled out in the first ten Amendments to the Constitution, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, proposed by James Madison in 1789 and enacted into law in 1791. There is no mention of a ‘Right’ to health care in the Bill of Rights.

Thus, any insurance product represents a potential redistribution of wealth from those who have no claims to those who do, as well as the wealth of the insurance provider in case the premium pool (plus earnings thereon) is insufficient to cover claims. It is potential, because, if there are no claims, then, at least in the case of mutual insurance companies, excess moneys are returned to the policy holders in the form of dividends, as they are the owners of the company.

The difference between a private plan and a public one is that, in the former, the wealth redistribution takes place voluntarily between the participants in the risk sharing pool (and potentially the insurance company), whereas, with a public plan, the redistribution occurs involuntarily, from all taxpayers to those covered under the plan. Now, I don’t know about you, but when a governmental body tells me I have to do something, especially when their authority to do so is highly questionable, my natural inclination is to respond, UP YOURS!

Below are the issues I have with nationalized health care, at least in its current form. If anyone can offer reasonable assurance that these allegations have any factual basis, I’d feel more sanguine about climbing aboard the OBAMAWAGON.

1. Nationalized Health Care Won’t Cost Anything.
There are six dimensions to this facade. Four purportedly raise revenue; two reduce costs. Here they are:
• Revenue components
o Raise taxes on employers
Employers will raise prices on their goods & services, so this tax will be passed on to the consumer.
o Raise taxes on individuals
This is simply wealth redistribution, a veritable staple in the liberal/socialist financial cupboard, which is trying to turn America from a land of equal opportunity to a land of equal financial outcomes.
o Tax the insurance benefit (a 2nd tax)
Now here’s a novel idea. Presumably, if you receive health coverage from a private group plan offered and partially subsidized by your employer, the government wants to tax the benefit represented by the difference you pay under the group plan vs. the bucks you’d pay if you obtained the coverage outside the group plan. The problem is that, when filing your tax return, the IRS rules require that your income and expenses be cash-based. This is not a cash benefit, so the IRS would have to impute a non-cash value to this benefit, abrogating its own rules. Nice!
o Mandatory insurance
Forces the young & healthy, who don’t need coverage, to subsidize those who do (see#9 below)
• Cost saving components
o Reduce payments to doctors
This is a real savings, unless doctors begin leaving the profession in droves. If you coupled it with tort reform (see below) there’s real potential here.
o Reduce Medicare benefits
This is a classic example of robbing Peter to pay Paul. It saves no money, just transfers wealth from one pocket (senior citizens) to another (the uninsured).
There’s also a real cost saving conspicuous by its absence: tort reform. I.e., rein in the ambulance chasing legal bottom-dwellers. Given the American Bar Association donates overwhelmingly to the Democratic party, this is as likely to occur as the sun is to revolve around the Earth.
2. There will be no Health Care Rationing
This is simple supply & demand economics. If there is more demand for a product or service and/or less supply, the price will rise. But if we mandate more people be insured and slash moneys paid to providers, the system enters disequilibrium and service queues form until supply/demand equilibrium is re-established. England and Canada are prime examples. This is rationing by delay rather than by financial wherewithal. To paraphrase an old legal adage, “healthcare delayed is healthcare denied.”
3. The Government can Efficiently Run a National Health Care System
OK, let’s look at the record:
• Social Security – BROKE!
• Medicare – BROKE!
• Medicaid – BROKE!
• AMTRAK – BROKE!
• Post Office - BROKE!
• The Federal Budget - BROKE!
Do we detect a pattern here?! If so, why would we expect different results in a Nationalized Health Care System? Isn’t one of the classic definitions of insanity to do the same thing over and over and expect a different result?
4. Our Congressmen Know What’s in the Bill
Be serious! The bill stretches beyond 1,000 pages. Indeed, the bill likely emanating from a congressional conference committee is estimated at 2,300 pages. Congress hasn’t read that much of anything in their collective lifetime. Their staffs prepare summaries for them. Most staffers are 22-25 years of age, fresh out of college with liberal arts degrees, rendering them largely uneducated.

An example should suffice to lay this myth to rest. When the Patriot Act, pushed by then president Bush, was signed into law in OCT 2001 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_PATRIOT_Act) , Congress, via their internal intranet, had no access to the Bill until 15 minutes before the roll call. It was 315 pages long. There was no time to read it before the vote. Therefore, they were completely unaware of its contents when they voted overwhelmingly to enact it. This will be no different, except that the Healthcare Bill is three to eight times the length and even less likely to be read and understood.
5. The Bill Won’t Change at the Last Minute
Yes it will! Messrs. Reid and Pelosi (that’s right, I’m not sure Pelosi is a real woman, just as I’m uncertain that Barney Frank is a real man) have already said it will, and one of those changes they’ve alluded to will be a public option. Congressman Frank wants to use the public option to get to a Government run single-payer system and has publicly said so.

(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3BS4C9el98&feature=related).

Single-payer means there is no insurance provider save the federal government.

(BTW, do you recall when Congressman Frank, at his own town hall meeting, dissed a constituent by asking what planet she was from, forgetting, in the process, that he was there to serve them, and not vice-versa. What she should have responded was, “I’m from Mother Earth, but, based on your nocturnal proclivities, I’m pretty sure you’re not.”)
6. There will be no Pork in the Bill
Really?! Please comb the public record and find a single bill that didn’t include congressional pork.
7. Illegal Immigrants won’t be Covered by the Legislation
Uhhh, …, I don’t think so! While both House and Senate proposals purportedly exclude illegal aliens, they purposely exempt any requirement for such a person to provide identification. Republican amendments to require picture IDs from public option health care recipients have been defeated by Democratic party-line vote. This is the type of weaseling which makes people circumspect about how Congress operates and the degree of trust they should be accorded.
http://www.examiner.com/x-5919-Norfolk-Crime-Examiner~y2009m8d3-Illegal-aliens-will-be-covered-under-Obamas-healthcare-bill
8. The Public Option Won’t Squeeze Out Private Alternatives
By the Bill’s provisions, it will by statistical osmosis. I.e., if you’re covered by a private group plan, and leave that employer, you can’t enroll in a new employer’s group plan; you must go into the public option. Since most people change jobs during their careers, all those will be forced into the public option.

In addition, a private plan must meet the definition of being “qualified”. I.e., based on yet-to-be-determined government rules, if your employer’s private plan doesn’t meet the government’s standards, you’ll be forced into a public option, like it or not.
http://money.cnn.com/2009/07/24/news/economy/health_care_reform_obama.fortune/index.htm
9. Insurance Coverage is not Mandatory.
It will be mandatory; that’s one of the ways to cover costs. Young adults, who are healthy, and may not see a doctor for years, will be required to join simply to subsidize others who need health services. In fact the more recent legislative versions allow the IRS to levy a penalty and the Justice Department to throw you in jail if you refuse to join. Now, I can tell you most assuredly that were I a young person (which I’m not, to which the OLD MAN can, and most enthusiastically would, attest), and were I to want the insurance, I would refuse it just to be able to tell the IRS to stick it where the sun don’t shine. And if the Justice Department comes ‘a-callin’, I’m going to invoke my 2nd Amendment rights.
10. If Additional Taxes on Companies and Individuals Exceed Claims, the Gub’mint will Return our Money
BWAHAHAHA! This supposition is so preposterous it deserves no reply!
11. The Federal Government has the Authority to Nationalize Health Care
No it doesn’t! We’ve already slain that beast in the preamble to this missive.

Finally, isn’t it heartening and inspiring to know that Congress, in a true egalitarian spirit, and with a deep and abiding concern for the constituencies who elected them, has not exempted its own members from the very law it purports to impose upon the rest of us?

OH, WAIT!! THEY DID!!

(http://kingsrightsite.blogspot.com/2009/07/end-congressional-exemption-from-obama.html)

(http://www.cnsnews.com/Public/Content/Article.aspx?rsrcid=50756)


Guest Post by JR Berger

11 comments:

  1. JR Berger,

    Correct me if I'm mistaken, but in Congress right now, single-payer (that is, government-only health insurance) is not on the table. Neither is government-run health care (that is, government-run hospitals competing with private hospitals). Neither is a public option (that is, a public health insurance plan option).

    The only thing that is on the table is that the price of drugs for millions of Americans cannot be negotiated by the government (unlike, say, the price of paper clips for the Pentagon). That, and unwilling/poor customers may be forced into private health insurance, with taxpayer subsidies (as usual), and with taxpayers shouldering the actual burden of covering the elderly and disabled (as usual), while private insurers profit off the young and healthy (as usual). To me, this sounds like an ironic victory for the principles of "free choice" and "limited spending". It's not robbing Peter (the elderly) to pay Paul (the uninsured), it's robbing Peter to pay King Herod (the insurance industry).

    The business press loves this, check out Bloomberg:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXlYUW9lunM&feature=player_embedded#t=57

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8qzZ49hj9I

    -Freyguy

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  2. JR Berger,

    If you're concerned about our Constitution, I'm with you. Specifically, I've been thinking about the millions of citizens the federal government has spied on without court order, and the people who have been tortured and imprisoned indefinitely without the writ of habeus corpus under the USA PATRIOT Act.

    http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/nov2005/nf20051110_9709_db016.htm

    These seem to me to be massive, obvious, and ongoing violations of our Constitution.

    But I suppose you could argue the regulation of the health insurance industry, or the creation of a free public health insurance program--to go alongside our public schools, libraries, parks, highways, space program, and museums--might warrant some minor footnote in the history of unconstitutional federal acts. You mentioned Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, which says in part:

    "The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States; ...[and] To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states ... [and] To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers".

    Based on the above, isn't your conclusion that "the Framers...never envisioned that 1/6th of the Nation's economy would be subject to federal regulation" a non-sequitur? If it's interstate or international commerce, it can be regulated.

    Furthermore, you seem to be advocating a narrow interpretation of the regulation of interstate commerce, similar to the one the Confederacy advocated pre-Civil War, and similar to the interpretation the Supreme Court applied in 1918 when it overturned the federal child labor act. According to this narrow interpretation, the 1918 ruling protected the God-given right of child laborers to work in mills, mines, and canneries, and work as many hours as they please; and it protected the states' God-given right to treat their child laborers as they please.

    http://www.classbrain.com/artteenst/publish/article_109.shtml

    (Pictured in link: two liberals--possibly illegal immigrants--wearing sashes which say "Abolish child slavery!" Note that one of the liberals is apparently too lazy to write her unconstitutional attack on states' rights in English.)

    According to your interpretation of Section 8, apparently any federal regulation of the health insurance industry interferes with Aetna or CIGNA's God-given rights to drop our coverage like a bad habit, once we get old or sick.

    I'm slightly inclined to accept the mistaken, liberal interpretation (as you call it), which has become fashionable this century. This interpretation upholds the abolition of slavery, child labor, and the Civil Rights Act. This interpretation also allows for the existence of NASA, the National Science Foundation, the interstate highway system, the Federal Reserve, and military bases and aircraft carriers the size of small cities at the opposite end of the globe (if we employ the liberal interpretation, embraced by modern conservatives, of the phrase "common defense" in Section 8).

    So I think your point about constitutionality (like your point about reading the bill) goes beyond the scope of this particular (health insurance) debate.

    -Freyguy

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  3. JR Berger,

    You claimed:

    "Health care, under the Constitution, is not a right. ... Your natural rights are spelled out in the first ten Amendments to the Constitution, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, proposed by James Madison in 1789 and enacted into law in 1791. There is no mention of a ‘Right’ to health care in the Bill of Rights."

    But tucked away towards the end of the Bill of Rights we find Amendment IX:

    "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."

    That explodes your argument on this point, does it not?

    -Freyguy

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  4. Freyguy,

    Okay, while I am afraid we are divining angels on the head of a pin, I am none-the-less confused. What exactly is your point? The Ninth Amendment broadly limits actions by the Federal Government and to a lesser extent the States. Our Founding Fathers feared that governments (and particularly the Federal Government) might claim the power to act in the absence of any direct prohibition to the contrary. Many felt that this was unnecessary. Others knew better. So how does this relate to supporting a government option for health care (which, by the way, I know George Washington and John Adams did not support - Jefferson favored it, but only if it included slaves and illegal aliens and excluded city dwellers).

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  5. Fred,

    My point was that JR Berger's argument (quoted above) is contradicted by Amendment IX (quoted above).

    I concede this doesn't resolve the issue of health care being a right. It just means JR Berger has not yet offered, I think, a valid argument to support his claim that health care is definitely not a right.

    Yes the Bill of Rights does limit government action, but it also compels government action. For example, people have the right to an attorney, even if they can't afford one, and speedy trial by jury. Our government is charged to provide those things. That is not simply a limitation on government power, it is also a positive requirement on government action.

    Some unrealistically compassionate people might argue that having access to basic medical care is an even more important right than having access to basic legal advice. Amendment IX clearly leaves that door open, contrary to JR Berger's claim.

    -Freyguy

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  6. Freyguy

    Okay, so I still don’t get why a provision that limits government really doesn’t. And referring me to search through a few thousand words to find the answer reminds me of John Kerry during the debates advising viewers to go to his website for an explanation. So be it.

    Anyway I am beginning to wonder whether the Constitution you read is different than the one I carry around with me. The Bill of Rights that I read PROHIBITS the government from impinging on the rights of the individual. It COMPELS NOTHING of the government other than it not trample upon those rights.

    To go to your example of the 6th Amendment, a speedy trial is a prohibition against the government being allowed to incarcerate someone for a long period of time without bringing charges or trying the case in court, a not an uncommon practice of kings. Likewise the government is prohibited from denying counsel (initially only in Federal Court) or not allowing an individual to confront witnesses testifying against him/her. Admittedly much later it was ruled that the State must actually provide counsel if necessary – I have no argument.

    As to the implication that this means that the State, by the same logic, should be compelled to provide health insurance (it seems ridiculous to me to even type the words) the distinction is huge. The individual needs to be able to mount a defense against the State which is bringing action against him/her. Now, if you want to equate that to someone who becomes physically ill from the nonsense in Congress… well, you get the point.

    One last thing. Solving the problem of getting everyone adequate healthcare (as opposed to insurance) is not that complicated. It really isn’t. It could be accomplished without turning the world upside down and risking a further economic meltdown. It could be accomplished with adult leadership that has real world experience. But when you try to fix the wrong thing (insurance) the solutions you dream up can be dangerous; all the more so if you base your plan on which pressure groups you need to appease, which you don’t care if you offend and which you think you get extra credit for going after. The fact that so many people don’t seem to GET IT is scary and incredibly depressing to me. And it has nothing to do with a lack of compassion.

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  7. Fred,

    I hope my response did not seem curt. I'm afraid I tend to labor the point and repeat myself. I am trying to express myself more concisely. I referred you back to the specific quotes I offered above (comment #3, Oct. 26 10:07 PM) because I thought it would spare you the tedium of reading yet another disagreeable post from this young Turk. : )

    To spare you from searching through thousands of words I will quote JR Berger's argument again:

    "Health care, under the Constitution, is not a right. ... Your natural rights are spelled out in the first ten Amendments to the Constitution, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, proposed by James Madison in 1789 and enacted into law in 1791. There is no mention of a ‘Right’ to health care in the Bill of Rights."

    And here is Amendment IX:

    "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."

    Based on Amendment IX, I conclude the following:

    Health care, under the Constitution, may or may not be a right. Our natural rights are not necessarily all spelled out in the first ten (!) amendments. (This is a good thing, because then women and blacks would not have the right to vote.) According to the Bill of Rights, there may be rights beyond those mentioned in the Bill of Rights.

    The above statement is justified i.m.o. but JR Berger's is not. Again I emphasize that I am not even trying to resolve the broad issue of whether or not health care is a right. I am merely saying that, whatever the answer to that broad question, this specific argument is not valid.

    You may disagree, but is that finally clear, at least?

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  8. Fred,

    Another point of contention: I 100% agree with you that the B.O.R. places many limitations on government. But at the risk of sounding curt again, you can't possibly believe the Bill of Rights "COMPELS NOTHING" of the government. Read Amendment VI. If you were correct, and the government was not compelled to do anything, then it would follow that the government is not compelled to make any arrangements to ensure a speedy and public trial--like paying the judges, compelling witnesses to appear, setting a date, providing the courthouse in the State where the crime took place, providing counsel if necessary, informing the accused, etc. You may have noticed that accused persons do not enjoy spontaneous fair trials as specified by Amendment VI, which materialize from nothing as long as government can be "PROHIBITED" from interfering. If the government was merely prohibited from interfering with the natural course of events, the rights of the accused would be trampled by mobs and vigilantes, and one would start to wonder why the Founders bothered to establish any government at all.

    Why not simply abolish government, if it is so utterly useless? Clearly we need a government with the power to ensure our rights just as we need limitations on government to ensure our rights.

    You also said: "As to the implication that this means that the State, by the same logic, should be compelled to provide health insurance . . . " I do happen to believe basic health care is a right in societies wealthy enough to provide it, but I am not making that argument here, especially not by "the same logic" (i.e. "the State must provide legal counsel, therefore the State must provide health insurance").

    I wholeheartedly agree that "getting everyone adequate healthcare . . . could be accomplished without turning the world upside down and riskig a further economic meltdown". I have not seen any evidence that basic, universal public coverage available to anyone who wants it would cause such a catastrophe. The CBO estimates HR 3962 will result in a savings of $109 billion. Furthermore, the world has not been turned upside down in any of the other developed countries that have universal coverage, better health outcomes, and often a fraction of our wealth as well as serious health problems. E.g. despite an HIV/AIDS epidemic in Botswana, whose flegling democracy has already discovered the long-term savings and benefits to society when colonoscopies and vaccines are cheap public services.

    The only thing we know for sure will risk further economic meltdown is the system we have now. In our system, the healthy have to pay into the profits of inefficient insurers and provide them with plenty of government subsidies, but those insurers don't deliver; the government, as well as family and friends, still must pay the costs insurance should (but won't) pay: caring for the elderly, disabled, and poor. And of course it's all very complex and confusing in this system, due to the diversity of insurance providers and due to the eligibility requirements for non-universal public insurance.

    -Freyguy

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  9. By the way here is the website of the Congressional Budget Office where they summarize their findings on House bill HR 3692, which includes a public option: http://cboblog.cbo.gov/?p=403

    It looks like the bill was announced on Oct. 29. Here is the bill which you can read in full: http://docs.house.gov/rules/health/111_ahcaa.pdf

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  10. Freyguy,

    Since we are still talking Bill of Rights, let’s do it by the numbers:

    First, thanks for the clarification and yes I disagree, at least on the margin. Again, the Bill of Rights were Amendments to the Constitution to limit the government, particularly the federal government. If it seems to you that this also requires action I would just say that is not the intent nor is it the reason for the Bill’s existence,
    Second, don’t assume that the lack of a specific obligation means chaos and mob rule. That makes no logical sense (as opposed to illogical sense).
    Third, I actually favor a strong government, particularly during wartime, but I think it should (a) be composed of smart adult people and (b) realize that it is fully able to make a bad situation worse. Having said that, I don’t know what the solution to our present governing elite is.
    Fourth, the CBO has to believe what it is told. It is not allowed to disparage assumptions that are utter fantasy.
    Fifth, Blacks and women do not have the right to vote because of ‘natural’ rights. They have it because of the Fifteenth and Nineteenth Amendments.
    Sixth, I find comparing Botswana to the US very meaningful. After all a majority of both countries have citizens who live above the international poverty line of $1.25 per day (60% and 100% respectively).
    Seventh, thank you for providing the website. I looked over the bill. Frankly I am glad that our Congressmen are so much smarter than I am because I don’t know what the ramifications of the proposed Bill would be. I’m not even sure what it says.
    Number eight, healthcare costs might be going up because of insurance companies (and again, I have no love for insurance companies), but could another explanation be more pertinent? Let’s see, what other area has seen increases well in excess of inflation. Gee, it’s education. No insurance there, but lots of government intervention in both.
    Nine, we can argue back and forth about the little things, but so what. Congress and the President will do whatever they want within the limitations they face; that is the way the country moves forward or not. This should be about how to provide basic healthcare for everyone and what to do about spiraling costs. And also what risks we are willing to take on if this bill has unintended consequences. (It is a given that it will; the consequences can be argued.) Tangentially it is also about whether the government should be fixing the problem and if so should it be doing so by injecting itself more or whether another option might be to get rid of some of the distortions that government has created or encouraged. You may think that a complete overhaul of the system is required and that Congress in its wisdom is doing this in a way that makes sense. I do not. Plus I think that uncertainty surrounding this Bill is already proving to be a drag on an economy that can ill afford more drag. However I leave open the possibility that I am totally wrong and that whatever emerges may actually make things better. I am sure that stranger things have happened although I cannot think of any at the moment.
    And ten, I think a free market system free of tax distortions in which the consumer makes choices based on real costs would work better. (Provide a government safety net for those in poverty or with preexisting conditions if necessary.) The market isn’t perfect, but it has a pretty good record versus central planning. Philosophically I do not favor a single provider system, which is where I believe this Bill would ultimately lead. If someday we get one, then I think hope the political forces will have the courage to be honest about what they are proposing. The worst of all worlds is to have this tortured monstrosity evolve into one a single payer system – and do it without public support.

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  11. Fred,
    A solution for our present governing elite is TERM LIMITS and forced anonymity for political contributions!
    Tom

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